El hombre perfecto / I am your person

La fantasía que impera en este film plantea la ilusión de encontrar un ser complementario que se adapte a nuestras preferencias y nos haga plenos. "Mi algoritmo está diseñado para hacerte feliz" dice el humanoide. Ilusión de que alguien tendría la posibilidad de ser complementario, de saber exactamente lo que el otro requiere. Estamos en las antípodas de la famosa fórmula de Lacan:" (Le Séminaire, Encore, 1975) "No hay relación sexual" (o sea, no hay complementariedad). No habría resto, el sujeto no estaría atravesado por la castración simbólica. La IA compite con Zeus. La fantasía del Uno, organismo previo a la separación del andrógino por parte de Zeus, se podría materializar con la IA

The fantasy that prevails in this film, raises the illusion of finding a complementary being that adapts to our preferences and makes us full. "My algorithm is designed to make you happy," says the humanoid. Illusion that someone would have the possibility of being complementary, of knowing exactly what the other requires. We are at the antipodes of Lacan's famous formula: "(Le Séminaire, Encore, 1975) "There is no sexual intercourse" (that is, there is no complementarity). There would be no rest, the subject would not be pierced by symbolic castration. AI competes with Zeus. The fantasy of the One, an organism prior to the separation of the androgynous by Zeus, could materialize with AI.

Preliminary study on the distribution of T cell receptor β chain in patients with Takayasu arteritis / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the diversity of T cell receptor repertoire in patients with Takayasu arteritis and analyze the side chain gene expression and distribution pattern of V、J gene rearrangement of T cell receptors.Methods:The peripheral blood samples of 8 patients with Takayasu arteritis and 4 healthy controls were collected. After constructing the library, high-throughput sequencing was performed with Illumina hiseq X10 sequencer. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to obtain the sequences and compared with the reference sequences. the frequency information of V/D/J genes, and extraction of CDR region sequenceswere compared. The diversity of the TCR repertoire was also evaluated, and the comparative analysis and cluster analysis between groups and within samples were carried out. The data were analyzed by R language statistical software. Comparisons between two groups were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. Results:There was no significant difference in D50 index and Shannon entropy of chain CDR3 between Takayasu arteritis group and healthy control group. There was no significant difference in high-frequency cloning between the two groups. However, a total of 21 gene rearrangement fragments were different between the two groups. The expression of 14 V/J gene rearrangement fragments such as TRBV15-TRBJ2-3 [0.31 (0.27, 0.70) ], TRBV26-TRBJ2-6[0.30 (0.23, 0.57) ], TRBV28-TRBJ1-4[179 (139, 412) ], TRBV28-TRBJ1-6[362 (253, 419) ] in the patient group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( Z score were 2.65, 2.08, 2.27, 2.27, 2.27, 2.08, 2.65, 2.08, 2.27, 2.27, 2.08, 2.08, 2.46 and 2.22 respectively, P<0.05). The expression of seven V/J gene rearrangement fragments such as TRBV10-1-TRBJ1-2 [7.49 (4.9, 12.1) ],TRBV29-1-TRBJ2-2[10.5 (4.0, 12.8) ], TRBV-4-2-TRBJ2-6 [3.31 (1.8, 5.8) ] in the patients with Takayasu arteritis group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( Z score were -2.08, -2.27, -2.08, -2.08, -2.27, -2.08 and -2.29, P<0.05). Conclusion:Although there is no significant decrease in the diversity of peripheral blood TCR repertoire in patients with Takayasu arteritis, there are differences in the expression of chain V and J genes of TCR genes, and there is unique V/J rearrangement clones.

A method of mental disorder recognition based on visibility graph / 生物医学工程学杂志

The causes of mental disorders are complex, and early recognition and early intervention are recognized as effective way to avoid irreversible brain damage over time. The existing computer-aided recognition methods mostly focus on multimodal data fusion, ignoring the asynchronous acquisition problem of multimodal data. For this reason, this paper proposes a framework of mental disorder recognition based on visibility graph (VG) to solve the problem of asynchronous data acquisition. First, time series electroencephalograms (EEG) data are mapped to spatial visibility graph. Then, an improved auto regressive model is used to accurately calculate the temporal EEG data features, and reasonably select the spatial metric features by analyzing the spatiotemporal mapping relationship. Finally, on the basis of spatiotemporal information complementarity, different contribution coefficients are assigned to each spatiotemporal feature and to explore the maximum potential of feature so as to make decisions. The results of controlled experiments show that the method in this paper can effectively improve the recognition accuracy of mental disorders. Taking Alzheimer's disease and depression as examples, the highest recognition rates are 93.73% and 90.35%, respectively. In summary, the results of this paper provide an effective computer-aided tool for rapid clinical diagnosis of mental disorders.

Paradigma transcomplejo: aventura intelectual necesaria en la residencia médica de medicina física y rehabilitación / Transcomplex paradigm: necessary intellectual adventure in the medical residence of physical medicine and rehabilitation

OBJETIVO. Reflexionar sobre la importancia del paradigma transcomplejo en la formación de los residentes de la especialidad de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación que permita comprender la realidad compleja y diversa que caracteriza la discapacidad. METODO. Revisión teórica de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo sobre la aplicabilidad del paradigma transcomplejo en la formación de los especialistas en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación. Las estrategias de búsqueda se realizaron de la literatura científica publicado en español e inglés en bases de datos como Medline, Lilacs, Scielo, Cochrane, Pubmed y Google Scholar, Dialnet. DESARROLLO Y DISUSION. La trascendencia de la transcomplejidad evidencia la necesidad de la coexistencia con los paradigmas preexistentes con visión integrada complementaria, favoreciendo así el conocimiento científico y la reflexión filosófica. Las patologías emergentes junto con la revolución de nuestra especie en todos sus ámbitos también llaman a un cambio dentro los paradigmas. CONCLUSIONES. El arte de la transcomplejidad hace que la investigación salte al mundo multidimensional, mismo que es ineludible frente a la necesidad de la complementariedad dentro de los trabajos de investigación y educación de los residentes en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación.

OBJECTIVE. To reflect on the importance of the transcomplex paradigm in the training of residents of the specialty of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation that allows understanding the complex and diverse reality that characterizes disability. METHOD. Theorretical review of an exploratory and descriptive nature on the applicability of the transcomplex paradigm in the training of specialists in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. The search strategies were carried out from the scientific literature published in Spanish and English in databases such as Medline, Lilacs, Scielo, Cochrane, Pubmed, Google Scholar and Dialnet. DEVELOPMENT AND DISCUSSIO. The significance of transcomplexity shows the need for coexistence with preexisting paradigms with a complementary integrated vision, thus favoring scientific knowledge and philosophical reflection. The emerging pathologies together with the revolution of our species in all its fields also calls for a change within the paradigms. CONCLUSIONS. The art of transcomplexity makes research jump into the multidimensional world, which is necessary in view of the need for complementarity within the research and education of residents in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

Study on the problems of the public health emergency system and countermeasures to complement the shortcomings in Suzhou / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To meet the needs of public health emergency management in the new era, to improve the problems exposed in the public health emergency system after the outbreak of COVID-19, and to provide the government with a list of the gaps in the construction of the public health emergency system. Methods Several methods, including literature review, observation (discussion and questionnaire survey), and comparative and descriptive research, were used to conduct comprehensive analysis through the combination of induction and deduction. The evaluation questions were graded and were translated into some recognition indexes (averages). The golden section method was used for the recognition standard of evaluation problems, and U test method was used for statistical test. Results Five aspects of problem evaluation and suggestions were determined, including early warning, emergency plan, emergency management department, linkage between systems and epidemic situation judgment. The recognition indexes were 0.916, 0.905, 0.571, 1.000 and 1.190, respectively, all of which met the recognition standard, and there was no significant difference between them(P=0.357). The corresponding measures and suggestions were as follows: early warning trigger mechanism, modular emergency plan, government public health emergency agencies, collaborative emergency drill system of various industries, and expert epidemic situation judgment mechanism. Conclusion It is determined that the proposed measures to complement the weaknesses of public health emergency system in Suzhou are suitable for the locality and objectivity after the three steps of literature review, management staff discussion and professional questionnaire survey. The present study provides an objective basis for the health administrative department to propose the public health emergency system construction project to the government.

Diversity of the T cell receptor β chain complementarity-determining region 3 in peripheral blood of neonates with sepsis: an analysis based on immune repertoire sequencing / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the diversity of peripheral blood T cell receptor (TCR) β chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) based on immune repertoire sequencing in neonates with sepsis and the possible pathogenesis of neonatal sepsis.@*METHODS@#A total of 12 neonates with sepsis were enrolled as the case group, and 9 healthy full-term infants, matched for gestational age, birth weight, and age, were enrolled as the control group. Omega nucleic acid purification kit (SQ blood DNA Kit II) was used to extract DNA from peripheral blood samples, TCR β chain CDR3 was amplified by multiplex PCR, and then high-throughput sequencing was performed for the products to analyze the diversity of TCR β chain CDR3 and the difference in expression.@*RESULTS@#The length and type of TCR β chain CDR3 were similar between the case and control groups, and Gaussian distribution was observed in both groups. With D50 and Shannon-Wiener index as the evaluation indices for diversity, the case group had a significantly lower diversity of TCR β chain CDR3 than the control group (@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a significant change in the diversity of TCR β chain CDR3 in the peripheral blood of neonates with sepsis, suggesting that it might be associated with the immune pathogenesis of neonatal sepsis.

Research progress on the T cell receptor CDR3 spectral sequence of periodontitis / 口腔疾病防治

@#Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory and destructive disease of periodontal support tissue initiated by plaque microorganisms, and its pathogenesis and progression are closely related to the immune response of the host, in which T cells play an important role in the periodontitis immune response. This article will start with the T cell immune response and the characteristics of the T cell receptor complementarity-determining region 3 (TCR CDR3) spectrum and will review the relationship between the characteristics of the TCR CDR3 spectrum and the pathogenesis of periodontitis to provide some new ideas for the studies of pathogenesis and the clinical personalized treatment of periodontitis. The study on the TCR CDR3 spectrum of periodontitis by reviewing the literature suggests that there is an oligoclonal accumulation of T cells and biased access of Variable (V) and Joining (J) genes in local lesions of periodontitis; moreover, the repeated use of nucleotide sequences and a conservative amino acid motif were found in the CDR3 region, which suggests that the characteristics of the TCR CDR3 group library play an important role in the immune pathogenesis of periodontitis.

Improvement in affinity and thermostability of a fully human antibody against interleukin-17A by yeast-display technology and CDR grafting

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are widely used in many fields due to their high specificity and ability to recognize a broad range of antigens. IL-17A can induce a rapid inflammatory response both alone and synergistically with other proinflammatory cytokines. Accumulating evidence suggests that therapeutic intervention of IL-17A signaling offers an attractive treatment option for autoimmune diseases and cancer. Here, we present a combinatorial approach for optimizing the affinity and thermostability of a novel anti-hIL-17A antibody. From a large naïve phage-displayed library, we isolated the anti-IL-17A mAb 7H9 that can neutralize the effects of recombinant human IL-17A. However, the modest neutralization potency and poor thermostability limit its therapeutic applications. affinity optimization was then used to generate 8D3 by using yeast-displayed random mutagenesis libraries. This resulted in four key amino acid changes and provided an approximately 15-fold potency increase in a cell-based neutralization assay. Complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of 8D3 were further grafted onto the stable framework of the huFv 4D5 to improve thermostability. The resulting hybrid antibody 9NT/S has superior stabilization and affinities beyond its original antibody. Human fibrosarcoma cell-based assays and analyses in mice indicated that the anti-IL-17A antibody 9NT/S efficiently inhibited the secretion of IL-17A-induced proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, this lead anti-IL-17A mAb might be used as a potential best-in-class candidate for treating IL-17A related diseases.

Analysis of TCR β chain CDR3 clonetype in HBV-infected patients with coexistence of HBsAg and HBsAb / 临床检验杂志

Objective@#To compare T-cell receptor (TCR) β chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) in the patients with coexistence of HBsAg and HBsAb and other HBV infected patients. @*Methods@#The clonotype and diversity of CDR3 in blood of group cases (positive HBsAg and HBsAb) (n=11), control 1 (negative HBsAg and positive HBsAb) (n=10) and control 2 (positive HBsAg and negative HBsAb) (n=10) were analyzed by high-throughput TCR sequencing with Illumina HiseqX10. @*Results@#In the case group, the overlap rate of 6.28% (0.25%, 13.10%) was detected between any two samples, which was significantly lower than the overlap rate of 10.49% (6.20%，17.30%) seen in control 1 group (P=0.008). In control 2 group, the overlap rate of 2.60% (0.13%，13.69%) was significantly lower than control 1 group (P=0.001). There was no difference between case group and control 2 group. After pairwise comparison between the three groups, the frequency of clonotype TRBV7-2/TRBD1/TRBJ2-1 in case group was higher than that of control 1 group (P=0.029), the frequency of TRBV7-3/TRBD1/TRBJ2-7 in case group was lower than that of control 1 group (P=0.031). The difference of TRBV5-8 was significant in comparing case group with control 1 group (P=0.047). There were 14 clonotypes which had differences between case group and control 2 group in frequency. TRBV28was significant in comparing case group with control 2 group (P=0.028). For diversity, there was no difference among the three groups. @*Conclusion@#Clonotype TRBV7-2/TRBD1/TRBJ2-1, TRBV7-3/TRBD1/TRBJ2-7 and TRBV5-8 were associated with coexistence of HBsAg and HBsAb, but the diversity was not associated with TCR β chain CDR3.

Relatos de vida de estudiantes adolescentes en contexto de contradicción cultural al interior del aula / Life Stories of Teenage Students in the Context of Cultural Contradiction within the Classroom

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las vivencias de adolescentes con respecto a su paso por la escuela, caracterizando la contradicción cultural al interior del aula en contextos de vulnerabilidad social y pobreza económica. Desde un enfoque biográfico se entrevistaron 42 estudiantes de octavo año básico de siete escuelas de la provincia de Concepción (Chile). Los resultados muestran características de un sentido de identidad cultural y de diferenciación respecto del rol y la posición del estudiante en la escuela, la cultura escolar y la forma en que se expresa en el aula, a través de sus profesores. Para algunos estudiantes la escuela es complementaria a "proyectos de vida". Para otros, la cultura de la escuela representa el lugar donde no se sienten libres, generando interpretaciones contradictorias a su identidad cultural.

Abstract The objective of this work was to analyze the experiences of adolescent students with respect to their schooling by characterizing the cultural contradiction within the classroom in those that operate in the contexts of social vulnerability and economic poverty. 42 eighth-grade students from seven educational establishments from the area of Concepción, Chile, were interviewed with a focus on utilizing the biographical method. The results show characteristic features of a sense of cultural identity, as well as a sense of differentiation regarding the role and position of the student at the school, the culture which that position represents, and how it manifests itself in the classroom via the teachers. For some students, the school as complementary to "life projects". For other students, school represents some misinterpretations with respect to their cultural identity.

Study of T cell receptor in patients with acute rejection after renal transplantation / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To evaluate the immune status of acute rejection recipients,and to improve the short-term and long-term survival rate of renal transplant recipients and grafts,and to investigate dynamically the changes in the immune repertoire of patients with acute rejection.Methods Combined multiplex PCR amplification technique and high throughput sequencing technique,the TCR β chain complementarity determining region 3(CDR3)diversity and repertoire characteristics at different time points during renal transplantation were analyzed,in order to reveal the immunological characteristics of T lymphocytes in patients with acute rejection.Results The diversity of TCR CDR3 in acute rejection patients was reduced to the lowest one day after surgery.The diversity of TCR CDR3 before acute rejection was higher than before.The acute rejection-related upregulated TCR CDR3 amino acid sequences were screened out.In addition,TCR beta chain V and J subfamily showed the phenomenon of advantage usage in pre-acute rejection,which may be due to T cell recognition of transplanted kidney antigens in vivo.Conclusions The immune diversity of patients with acute rejection is significantly lower.In addition,TCR beta chain V and J subfamily show the phenomenon of advantage usage.

Projection of the Demand of Electricity in the State of Paraná for 2050 and Proposal of Complementarity of the Electrical Matrix through the Solar Photovoltaic Source

ABSTRACT Energy is essential for human activities and, considering the prospect that the demand for energy increases, it is necessary to carry out studies of new technical solutions so as to make the use of the available sources feasible. Greater participation of renewable energy sources in the electricity matrix has been stimulated worldwide and a number of public policies have been adopted by different countries in order to seek greater energy security and sustainability. In this context, photovoltaic solar energy potentially plays an important role in the evolution of the participation of alternative sources in the world energy matrix, considering its abundance and wide availability in the terrestrial surface. This work proposes a methodology to model a scenario that estimates the consumption of electricity in 2050 in the State of Paraná and how it can contribute to the complementarity of the Brazilian electricity matrix. In addition, it indicates, based on decision factors, which are the most indicated mesoregions for possible deployments of grid-connected photovoltaic systems in Paraná to meet this demand.

Una mirada a la desigualdad social y la violencia delictiva en Venezuela / A glance at social inequality and criminal violence in Venezuela / Uma olhada sobre a desigualdade social e a violência criminal na Venezuela

Resumen En los últimos años, en Venezuela se ha asistido a una reducción de la desigualdad social, pero los niveles de violencia delictiva se han incrementado en forma significativa. Con el objetivo de estudiar esta relación se propone la presente investigación, en la que, con base en una metodología complementaria, se correlacionaron los niveles de desigualdad social, medida a través del Índice Gini y la tasa de homicidio en una serie cronológica de más de diez años; de igual manera, se trabajó con la historia de vida de dos casos con patrones delictivos diferenciados. Los resultados de la correlación cuantitativa muestran que la reducción de la desigualdad social está relacionada con el incremento de los homicidios, al contrario de lo que indica la experiencia de otros países, mientras que en la exploración cualitativa se encuentra que no es la desigualdad social, estructuralmente hablando, lo que motiva o inhibe la conducta delictiva y violenta en el individuo. Más bien son las percepciones individuales, que se construyen desde dicha situación de igualdad o desigualdad, lo que cataliza tales acciones. Se concluye que la relación entre desigualdad social y violencia tiene un eco muy profundo en las percepciones individuales, que, al final de cuentas, retroalimentan la construcción estructural entre estas dos variables.

Abstract In Venezuela, in the few past years, a reduction in social inequality has been witnessed while, in contrast, criminal violence levels have gone up in a signifi cant manner. With the objective of studying such an ambivalent relations hip, this research is offered as based on a supplementary methodology where a correlation has been established between the levels of social inequality, measured through the Gini index and the homicide rate in chronological series of over more than ten years. Likewise, work was carried out on the life story of two cases with differentiated criminal patterns. The results of the quantitative correlation show that the social inequality reduction seen here is connected with the rising homicide rate. This is contrary to what the experience in other countries has indicated, while in qualitative exploration it was found that, structurally speaking, social inequality is not what either motivates or inhibits the criminal and violent conduct of individuals. but rather the individual perceptions constructed from the equality or inequality situation as catalyzers of these actions. The conclusion is that the relationship between social inequality and violence has a deep echo in these perceptions since, ultimately, they are e latter since they are ultimately what feeds back the structural construction existing between these two variables.

Resumo Nos últimos anos, a Venezuela tem visto uma redução na desigualdade social, mas os níveis de violência criminal têm aumentado significativamente. A fim de estudar esta relação a seguinte investigação é proposta, com base numa metodología complementar, os níveis de desigualdade social medidos pelo índice de Gini e a taxa de homicídio em uma série cronológica de dez anos foram correlacionados; do mesmo modo, nós trabalhamos com a história de vida de dois casos com diferentes padrões de criminalidade. Os resultados da correlação quantitativa mostram que a redução da desigualdade social está relacionada ao aumento no número de homicídios, contrário do que indica a experiencia de outros países, enquanto a exploração qualitativa é que não é a desigualdade social, estruturalmente falando, o que motiva ou inibe o comportamento criminoso e violento no indivíduo. Ao contrário, são percepções individuais, que são construídas a partir dessa situação de igualdade ou desigualdade, que catalisa tais ações. Conclui-se que a relação entre desigualdade social e violência tem um eco profundo nas percepções individuais, que, no final, retroalimentam a construção estrutural entre estas duas variáveis.

Spectrum drift characteristics of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs TCR CDR3 in hepatitis B patients before and after treatment / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To determine the spectrum drift characteristics of CI4+CD25+Tregs TCR β chain CDR3 in patients with different phases of acute hepatitis B (AHB) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients before and after the entecavir treatment.Methods:Anticoagulation venous blood was collected from 4 normal control subjects,3 AHB patients with acute phase and convalescent phase,and 4 CHB patients before and after the entecavir treatment;and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated;CD4+ CD25+ Tregs were separated by using the magnetic beads,and total RNAs were extracted from CD4+ CD25+ Tregs and used for reverse transcription.The TRBV CDR3 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with forward primers specific for 24 TRBV families and one fluorescence-labeled common reverse primer specific for the BC region.The PCR products were sent out for Genescan,and results were analyzed for the TRBV family CDR3 spectrum characteristics by using the Peak Scanner Software vl.0.Data were analyzed with the comparative t-test to perform the statistical analysis.Results:The CDR3 spectral types of the TRBV family showed drift characteristics in 3 cases of AHB patients with acute and convalescent phases;single/oligo peak spectral type family was observed in most of patients with acute phase;multiple peak spectral type was seen in patients with convalescent phase;and the common spectrum shift of TRBV4,10,14,16,19 families seen in patients with acute phase was changed to multiple peak spectral type.The clonal expansion of TRBV family in the CD4+CD25+Tregs in PBMC from AHB patients with convalescent phase was significantly lower than AHB patients with acute phase (t =9.456,P =0.011).The clonal expansion of Tregs TRBV13.2,15,16,18,20 family seen in C HB patients before treatment may interfere the virus removal through down-regulating the body's immune response;and with the decline of viral load in serum after the antiviral treatment,the clonal expansion of Tregs TRBV1,5.2,6,12,14,24 family may help body induce immune tolerance and result in the HBV persistence.The clonal expansion of TRBV family in the CI4+CD25+Tregs in PBMC from of CHB patients after antiviral treatment was increased (t =-0.666,P =0.553).Conclusion:TRBV4,10,14,16,19 family of spectrum shift seen in AHB patients with acute phase was changed to multiple peak spectral type in patients with convalescent phase,suggesting this transition may be associated with HBsAg and HBeAg turning to negative.The clonal expansion of Tregs TRBV13.2,15,16,18,20 family seen in CHB patients before treatment may interfere the virus removal through down-regulating the body's immune response;and with the decline of viral load in serum after the antiviral treatment,the clonal expansion of Tregs TRBV1,5.2,6,12,14,24 family may help body induce immune tolerance and result in the HBV persistence.

Research advances in immune repertoire and high-throughput sequencing in primary biliary cholangitis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease with unclear pathogenesis.The amino acid composition and sequence in the complementarity-determining region 3 of T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) are highly diverse, which forms a large antigen recognition receptor repertoire, i.e., immune repertoire.In recent years, second-generation sequencing techniques combined with multiplex PCR or amplicon rescue multiplex PCR have been used to study the features of immune repertoire in PBC patients, and it has been found that PBC patients have clonal expansion of specific CD4+ T lymphocytes, clonal diversity of B lymphocytes, somatic hypermutation, and reduction in class switch, as well as increase in clonal diversity after treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid.These findings need to be confirmed by large-scale in vivo and in vitro studies and different immune repertoire research strategies.

Bioinformatic analysis of antibody repertoire development in response to influenza vaccination / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To analyze the immunogenomic characteristics of antibody repertoire in re-sponse to influenza vaccine in order to provide a theoretical basis for further development of antibody. Meth-ods Based on a time-series immunoglobulin heavy chain ( IGH) repertoire sequencing dataset, we analyzed the immunogenomic characteristics of antibody repertoire in response to trivalent influenza vaccine ( TIV ) from three aspects which included the features in complementarity-determining region 3 ( CDR3 ) , antibody mutation and VDJ usage. Results The frequency of antibody mutation increased significantly upon vaccina-tion. Analysis of the CDR3 region indicated that polar and aromatic amino acids had a higher preference. The length of CDR3 region in naive B cells followed a normal distribution, while specific CDR3 sequences with 15 to 18 amino acids in length occupied a dominant position after vaccination. In addition, the VDJ us-age altered obviously and IGHV3-7-derived antibody had a significant response to the vaccine. Response in-tensity reached the peak on day 7 and gradually weakened over time. Conclusion Antibody repertoire evolves dynamically to express specific antibody upon vaccination and the characteristics of immune responses at sequence level could be used to evaluate their effectiveness.

La relevancia filosófica del estudio de la esquizofrenia. Cuestiones metodológicas y conceptuales / The Philosophical Relevance of the Study of Schizophrenia. Methodological and Conceptual Issues

El estudio de las enfermedades mentales propone profundas discusiones metodológicas y filosóficas. Este artículo explora la complementariedad disciplinaria que existe, específicamente, entre filosofía de la mente, fenomenología y los estudios empíricos en psiquiatría y psicopatología en el contexto de la comprensión de la esquizofrenia. Luego de clarificar el posible rol de cada una de estas disciplinas, se explora la forma en que un síntoma específico de la esquizofrenia (delirios de inserción de pensamiento) desafía el actual enfoque fenomenológico sobre la relación entre conciencia y autoconciencia. Finalmente, se concluye que la filosofía de la mente, la fenomenología y los estudios empíricos en psicopatología y psiquiatría deben necesariamente regular conjuntamente su progreso con el fin de llegar a conclusiones plausibles respecto de la naturaleza de aquello que denominamos «esquizofrenia¼.

The study of mental illness involves profound methodological and philosophical debates. This article explores the disciplinary complementarity, particularly, between philosophy of mind, phenomenology, and empirical studies in psychiatry and psychopathology in the context of the understanding of schizophrenia. After clarifying the possible role of these disciplines, it is explored the way in which a certain symptom of schizophrenia (thought insertion) challenges the current phenomenological approach to the relationship between consciousness and self-awareness. Finally, it is concluded that philosophy of mind, phenomenology, and empirical studies in psychiatry and psychopathology should, necessarily, regulate their progress jointly in order to reach plausible conclusions about what we call 'schizophrenia'.

Applications of complementarity plot in error detection and structure validation of proteins.

The complementarity plot (CP) is based on packing and electrostatics of amino acid residues buried within globular proteins and is a sensitive indicator of the harmony or disharmony of interior residues with regard to short and long range forces sustaining the native fold. As a structure validation tool, it has already been reported to be effective in detecting erroneous side-chain torsions in obsoleted structures. The current study describes the design of several local and global scores based on CP and surveys their utilities in discriminating between obsolete structures and their corresponding upgraded counterparts, detection of wrong rotamer assignments and in identifying packing anomalies. CPs are especially effective in the detection of low-intensity errors (in main-chain geometrical parameters) diffused over the entire polypeptide chain. The methodology is also used to confirm the integral role played by strategic deviations (in main-chain geometrical parameters) in maintaining fold integrity, as reversal to their corresponding ideal values (either unimodal or conformation dependent) lead to large-scale structural distortions. A special feature of this validation tool is to signal unbalanced partial charges within protein interiors. The application of CP in protein homology modeling and protein design is also demonstrated.

Analyses of the restricted usage of TCR BV, BJ subfamily and their sequences in patients with breast cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To analyze the restricted usage of TCR BV,BJ subfamily and their sequences in patients with breast cancer.Methods The total RNA was extracted from tissues of lymph node metastasis,then reverse transcripted.The complete DNA sequence of TCR β-chain was amplified by multi-PCR.The recombinant plasmids were sequenced by using online TCR resources.Results 5 TCR β-chain CDS were obtained in two patients.TCR β-chain presented specific repertoire skewing in metastatic lymph node.There were selected usage of BV 2,BV 14,BV 29S1 of BV subfamily and BJ1S1,BJ2S2,BJ2S3,BJ2S5 of BJ subfamily.The clonal proliferation T cells had different CDR3 amino acid sequences.Conclusions There are selected usages of TCR BV,BJ subfamily in patients with breast cancer.The sequences of CDR3 are mostly different in TCR clone proliferation.

Analysis of the usage of TCRβ V/J subfamily and CDR3 repertoire in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To analyze the restricted usage of TCRβ V/J subfamily and CDR3 repertoire in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (U-PTL).Methods The total RNA was respectively extracted from lymph node of U-PTL and reverse transcriptase,then multi-PCR was used to amplify the complete DNA sequence(CDS) of TCR β-chain.The recombinant plasmids were sequenced and sequence was analyzed by using online TCR resources.Results There were 9 TCR β chain CDS obtained from four patients.TCRβ-chain presented specific repertoire skewing in patients with U-PTL.There were restricted usage of BV2,BV4S2,BV14,BV29S1 of BV subfamily and BJ1S4,BJ2S3,BJ2S5,BJ2S7 of BJ subfanily.The clonal proliferation T cells had different CDR3 amino acid sequences.Conclusions There are restricted usage of TCR β V/J subfamily in patients with U-PTL.The sequences of CDR3 in different TCR clone proliferation are mostly different.